The present analysis provides useful information about ILD to health-care professionals involved in treatment using molecular targeted therapy. These studies may shed light on the underlying mechanisms of drug-induced ILD and appropriate evidence-based strategies that can be used to prevent or manage these events. At this time, information about ILD by these molecular targeted agents including anti-EGFR antibodies, mTOR inhibitors, bortezomib, and multi-kinase inhibitors has accumulated. The difference

in ILD according to causative drugs has been clarified. As for the treatment of DILD, the general rule is the discontinuation of the offending drug, and, if necessary, the administration of corticosteroids is indicated. However, exceptional treatment is required for DILD caused by mTOR inhibitor, for which we must consider adequate management. Based on this information, the guideline check details for drug-induced ILD was revised by the Japanese Respiratory Society this year. In this issue, two experts describe the most recent findings from internal

medicine and radiology in this field. selleck products We hope that these review articles will be helpful for understanding DILD in molecular targeted therapy. Conflict of interest Akihiko Gemma is receiving a research grant from Pfizer Inc.; Akihiko Gemma has received lecture fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Pfizer Inc., and Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd.”
“The incidence of ovarian cancer in 2008 was projected to be 225,500 new cases and 140,200 deaths worldwide, representing 3.7 % of all female cancers and 4.2 % of all cancer deaths in women [1]. Ovarian cancer, one of the major causes of death from cancer in women, is commonly diagnosed at advanced stage [2]. Cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum and taxane-based

combination chemotherapy is currently the standard treatment for ovarian cancer [3]. However, most patients ultimately recur and develop Bumetanide chemo-resistance. An international study, GOG 182-ICON 5, sought to improve the efficacy of standard platinum-taxane therapy by incorporating newer cytotoxic agents (gemcitabine, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, and Selleck LY411575 topotecan) [4]. However, the combination of these agents used in standard therapy has not improved overall survival. A new strategy is needed to improve the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. With recent molecular biological progress, molecular-targeted agents have been developed. The targets range over a vascularization, a growth factor and the receptor, a signal transduction system, DNA restoration, and so on. Some molecular-targeted agents have already been widely used for lung cancer or colon cancer. On the other hand, molecular-targeted agents are not clinically usable for gynecologic malignancies.