For further preparation steps, the concentration of bacteria needed to be at least 1 x 106 organisms per ml. For ethanol/formic acid extraction, 1 ml of culture was centrifuged at 14.000 rpm at room temperature for 10 minutes. The supernatant was removed and

the pellet was 17DMAG suspended in 300 μl distilled water. The suspension was then vortexed until the pellet was completely dissolved. Nine hundred microliters of ethanol (Roth, Rotipan® ≥ 99, 8% p.a., Karlsruhe, Germany) was added to inactivate the microorganisms, followed by vortexing of the suspension. After centrifugation for 10 min at 14.000 rpm at room temperature, the pellet was visible as a grey layer on the wall of the tube. Samples were air-dried, C188-9 solubility dmso or dried in a concentrator for 10 min at 30°C (Concentrator plus, Eppendorf AG, Hamburg, Germany) to ascertain that selleck chemicals the ethanol could evaporate completely. The material was then dissolved in 30 μl of 70% formic acid (Merck, 98–100%, Darmstadt, Germany) followed by addition of 30 μl acetonitrile (Fluka Analytical Sigma-Aldrich,

Munich, Germany). It has to be pointed out that equal volumes of 70% formic acid and acetonitrile were applied. Again, centrifugation was performed at 14.000 rpm for 2 min at room temperature. One microliter of the clear supernatant was spotted on a MSP 96 target polished steel plate (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany) and allowed to dry. Following

this, the dried spot was overlaid with 1 μl of matrix solution, a saturated solution of α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (HCCA, 99% Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen respectively Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany) composed of 50% acetonitrile (Fluka Analytical Sigma-Aldrich) and 2.5% triflouracetic acid (TFA Reagent Plus® 99% 100 ml, Sigma-Aldrich). Finally, samples Enzalutamide were allowed to dry at room temperature. An optional washing step was included into the extraction protocol, to investigate if this influenced the quality of the protein spectra measurements. This step was carried out once after the first centrifugation of the cultured material with 200 μl phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and centrifuged again for 10 min at 14.000 rpm at room temperature. MALDI-TOF MS instrumental settings Measurements were performed with two different MALDI-TOF MS instruments in two laboratories. In both cases, the Microflex LT System, MALDI Biotyper™ (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany), equipped with a 60-Hz nitrogen laser was employed, using the Software for FLEX Series 1.3. Spectra were recorded in a linear positive ion detection mode in a mass range from 2,000 to 20,137 Da. Spectrometer settings were set to: Ion Source 1 (IS1) 20 kV; Ion source 2 (IS2) 16.