05) Trainees, however, varied significantly in their use of acce

05). Trainees, however, varied significantly in their use of access sheath (P = 0.03). Trainees, male sex, balloon dilation, ureteral access sheath, and residual stones maintained

their significance as predictors of FT on multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: PGTs, in addition to male sex, balloon dilation, ureteral access sheath, and residual stones were significant predictors of FT during URS. Whether these differences in the behavior of PGTs are intrinsic to themselves or from perioperative factors remains to be clarified.”
“Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has developed rapidly in recent years, particularly in the area of enantioseparations. The merits of SFC (e.g., fast analysis speed, wide polarity mTOR inhibitor compatibility, lower cost of the mobile phase and higher column efficiency) would in many cases make it a better choice than high-performance liquid chromatography in drug discovery for the pharmaceutical industry.

Packed-column Bioactive Compound Library SFC meets the gradual rise in demand for simultaneous chiral and achiral separations, impurity quantitation and direct scaling up from the pharmaceutical purifications achieved in the laboratory, especially for chiral drugs.

This review focuses mainly on the latest examples of pharmaceutical separations with chiral stationary phases in SFC for efficient analyses and preparative-scale purifications. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The Infectious Disease

Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan, has developed

a fully automatic system for daily reporting of ILI (influenza-like illness) patients prescribed Oseltamivir and Zanamivir. The system collected data on the number of prescriptions from approximately 3350 pharmacies, which account for almost 7% of all pharmacies in Japan, and published the number online on a daily basis, except for Sundays. On the basis of these data, we further estimated R (v) and predicted its course every Monday using a very simple SIR model with data from previous studies. This paper summarizes our real-time estimation and prediction of ILI patients in the 2009 influenza GSK1120212 cell line A/H1N1 pandemic. The estimate on November 29 resulted in an R (v) of 1.72 (95%CI [1.69, 1.75]). The model predicted that the peak of the epidemic would be reached on December 23 2009 [December 14, 2009, January 2, 2010] with an estimated number of ILI patients of 227,000 [193,000, 262,000]. The cumulative number of ILI patients over the period would be as high as 17.8% [16.6, 19.0%] of the total population of Japan. This information was circulated weekly among central and local government officers in charge of pandemic control to provide updates on the pandemic situation and to aid their decision-making on control strategies. In conclusion, for the first time in the world, we successfully demonstrated real-time estimation and prediction for the entire course of a pandemic, and which could be used routinely for planning counter-measures.

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