The role of surgical fixation, especially for atlas burst fractures, requires further study for clarification.”
“Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
is a rare inherited disease of connective tissue. Patients with type IV Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are likely to present with arterial disorders such as aneurysm or dissection. We report a 20-year-old man with type IV Ehlers-Danlos Pifithrin-�� in vivo syndrome in whom a subclavian arterial rupture was successfully treated with transcatheter coil embolization. (J Vase Surg 2009;50:1191-5.)”
“OBJECTIVE: The anatomy, clinical presentation, radiologic evaluation, treatment, and outcome of occipital condyle fractures are reviewed.
METHODS: We review and discuss the literature on occipital condyle fractures.
RESULTS: Occipital condyle fractures are best diagnosed with computed tomography. The neurologic presentation is variable. The majority of these injuries may be treated non-operatively, but an occipitocervical fusion is necessary to restore stability across the craniovertebral junction.
CONCLUSION: Occipital condyle fractures are a rare but serious injury that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.”
“Atherosclerotic renovascular disease (aRVD) is an increasingly recognized cause of
severe hypertension and declining kidney function. Patients with aRVD have been demonstrated to have an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events compared with patients without aRVD. For these RSL3 mouse reasons, >45,000 renal artery revascularization procedures are performed annually, with significant growth observed in this website the number of procedures performed each year. The efficacy of contemporary revascularization therapies in the treatment of aRVD is unproven and controversial, with no level I data to support current practices. Lower-level data suggest that kidney function improvement is a key indicator of subsequent improved survival free of adverse cardiovascular events and dialysis, and that observed improvements of hypertension confer, at best, limited benefit.
This review focuses on existing data on the management of aRVD, including data from completed and ongoing randomized clinical trials. This review also examines other existing data regarding aRVD that may guide current treatment and future research efforts into this significant clinical and public health problem until widely accepted level I evidence emerges. (J Vase Surg 2009;50:1197-210.)”
“OBJECTIVE: The indications and operative technique for a number of posterolateral approaches to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) are reviewed.
METHODS: The literature addressing posterolateral approaches to the CVJ is reviewed, and illustrative cases are presented.
RESULTS: The far lateral approach and its variants, including the transcondylar, supracondylar, and paracondylar approaches, are an effective means of addressing intradural anterior and anterolateral CVJ lesions.