rufifemur colony and ex tracts of Crematogaster difformis and Crematogaster coriaria. Surface extracts for that behavioural assays had been obtained by immersing 50 freeze killed ants in hexane for 10 minutes. Non polar and polar fractions of these ex tracts were eluted with distilled hexane, followed by chloro type, working with conditioned SiOH columns, GC MS ana lyses confirmed the hexane fractions contained only hydrocarbons whilst the chloroform fractions contained solely the novel compounds. The chloroform of the polar fraction was evaporated, and the fractions were reconstituted in hexane. As dummies we used intracolonial bodies of Cr. modiglianii or Ca. rufifemur that had been extracted with four ml hexane, 4 ml chloroform, 4 ml chloro type, and four ml hexane for 10 min every.
Each dummy was treated with an extract amount equivalent to five individ uals. This selleck quantity was selected to account for prospective substance losses throughout extraction and fractionation. the volume had effectively elicited differential behavioural re actions in earlier experiments, Note that, within the crematoenone addition experiments, the same absolute quantities of hydrocarbons were transferred onto a dummy when with and once without crematoenones. For that Ca. rufifemur assays, a black Ca. rufifemur colony was confronted with solutions from intracolonial Cr. modiglianii and an allocolonial Cr. modiglianii, Secondly, a black Ca. rufifemur worker colony was confronted with intracolonial Cr. modiglianii and allocolonial Cr. modiglianii remedy series. Eventually, a red Ca. rufifemur colony was confronted with Cr.
modiglianii treat ments through the exact same and 3 other colonies, For the Cr. modiglianii assays, we confronted a Cr. modiglianii colony with intracolonial and two allocolonial remedies, Within the Ca. rufifemur assays, the Cr. modiglianii dum mies were small in comparison to Ca. rufifemur workers. Thus, we successively held them in front of ten single employees that NVPBHG712 have been strolling all-around within the nest, and categorized every person reactions as peaceful, weakly or strongly aggres sive, From the Cr. modiglianii assays, the Ca. rufifemur dummy was held with forceps onto the nest trunk during the plastic box to ensure that quite a few Cr. modiglianii ants could interact with it concurrently. Through three minutes, each and every observed interaction was then recorded and classified as over. The observer was not blind to the respective solutions, but was unaware in the hypotheses getting tested. Inside these three minutes, continued interactions were recorded again every ten sec to provide more excess weight to lengthy lasting interactions. This approach is consistent with an earlier review, All differ ent solutions had been examined in haphazard order and on unique areas in the nest trunk.