Novel liver cancer biomarkers selleck chemical are needed. By tandem mass spectrometry we analyzed the secretomes of 12 individual paired samples of liver cancer and adjacent normal tissues and identified 1528 proteins with >2 unique peptide hits. The false discovery rate was

3.4%. Using spectral counting, we found 87 proteins in the HCC group and 86 proteins in the normal group that showed fivefold overexpression. These proteins provided a rich source of biomarker candidates. We presented a novel paradigm in combining biomarkers that include an up-regulated cancer biomarker and a down-regulated organ-enriched marker, and identified chitinase-3-like protein 1(CHI3L1) and mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 2 (MASP2) as the top biomarker pair for HCC diagnosis using integrative transcriptomics and proteomics analysis. Using ELISA assays, we further evaluated this biomarker pair in a separate cohort of 25 serum samples of liver cancer patients and 15 age-matched normal controls. The combined marker pair (YKL40/MASP2 ratio) performed better than either marker alone with an AUC of 0.97 for liver cancer diagnosis. Further validation of the biomarker pair in HCC patients versus disease

controls and independent cohorts is warranted.”
“Growing epidemiological evidence connects obesity and its complications, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to reduced bone health and osteoporosis. Parallel to human studies, experimental data disclosed a complex network of interaction among adipose tissue, the liver, and the bone, which reciprocally modulate the function of each other. The main mediators of see more such crosstalk include hormonal/cytokine signals this website from the bone (osteopontin, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin), the liver (fetuin-A), and adipose

tissue [leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and adiponectin]. Dysregulation of this network promotes the development of diabesity, NAFLD, and osteoporosis. We will review recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of bone-liver-adipose tissue interaction predisposing to obesity, diabetes, NAFLD, and osteoporosis and their potential clinical implications.”
“Health inequalities are present throughout the world, both within and between countries. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health drew attention to dramatic social gradients in health within most countries and made proposals for action. These inequalities are not inevitable. The purpose of this article is to report on activity that has taken place worldwide after the report by the Commission on Social Determinants of Health. First, we summarise the global situation. Second, we summarise an interim report of the emerging findings from an independent review of social determinants and the health divide, which was commissioned by the WHO European region. The world conference on social determinants of health will be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in October, 2011.