Also, we found that, during hyaloid remodeling, there were differences in multifractal spectra reflecting the functional transition from a space Selumetinib order filling vasculature which nurtures the lens to
a less dense vasculature as it regresses, permitting unobstructed vision. Conclusion: Multifractal analysis and lacunarity are valuable additions to classical measures of vascular morphology and will have utility in future studies of normal, developing, and pathological tissues. “
“Epithelial Pathobiology Unit, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Arterioles, capillaries, and venules all actively change their cellular functions NVP-BGJ398 mouse and phenotypes during inflammation
in ways that are essential for maintenance of homeostasis and self-defense, and are also associated with many inflammatory disorders. ECs, together with pericytes and ECM proteins, can regulate blood flow, the coagulation cascade, fluid and solute exchange, and leukocyte trafficking. While capillary and venular functions in inflammation are well characterized, the arteriolar contribution to inflammation has only recently come into focus. Arterioles differ from venules in structure, EC morphology, shear environment, expression, and distribution of surface ligands; hence, regulation and function of arteriolar wall cells during inflammation may also be distinct from venules. Recent work indicates that in response to proinflammatory stimuli, arterioles alter barrier function, and support leukocyte and platelet Dimethyl sulfoxide interactions through upregulation of adhesion molecules. This suggests that in addition to their role in blood flow regulation, arterioles may also participate in inflammatory responses. In this review, we will discuss mechanisms that characterize arteriolar responses to proinflammatory stimuli. We will detail how distinct arteriolar features
contribute to regulation of barrier function and leukocyte–EC interactions in inflammation, and further highlight the potential priming effects of arteriolar responses on venular function and progression of inflammatory responses. “
“Please cite this paper as: Ghonaim, Lau, Goldman, Ellis, and Yang (2011). A Micro-delivery Approach for Studying Microvascular Responses to Localized Oxygen Delivery. Microcirculation18(8), 646–654. Background: In vivo video microscopy has been used to study blood flow regulation as a function of varying oxygen concentration in microcirculatory networks. However, previous studies have measured the collective response of stimulating large areas of the microvascular network at the tissue surface. Objective: We aimed to limit the area being stimulated by controlling oxygen availability to highly localized regions of the microvascular bed within intact muscle.