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“Aim The purpose of the present study was to evaluate vaginal fluid -human chorionic gonadotrophin (-hCG) for the diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Material and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was performed on 123 pregnant women who were in the third trimester of their gestation (2837 weeks). The patients were divided into three groups: (i) PPROM group (41 cases); (ii) suspected PPROM group (42 cases); and (iii) intact membranes control group (40 cases). Five milliliters of sterile normal saline was inserted into the posterior fornix of the vagina and then vaginal fluid was aspirated and sent to the laboratory for -hCG measurement. Finally, the amount of -hCG BGJ398 was compared in the three groups. Results -hCG concentration was 7.71 +/- 15.7mIU/mL in the intact membrane control group, 468.06 +/- 366.34mIU/mL in the PPROM group and 176.43 +/- 316.37mIU/mL in the suspected JAK inhibitor PPROM group, which showed a significant difference between the three groups (P<0.001). In order to find an optimal cut-off value for -hCG, the receiveroperator curve was used and a cut-off value of 79.5mIU/mL with a sensitivity

of 95% and specificity of 84% was determined to be optimal. Conclusion -hCG was higher in the cases of PPROM and patients who were suspected to have PPROM, and may be used as a suitable, fast and reliable test for detecting rupture of membranes.”
“The aim of this research was to study the recovery of phenolic compounds from grape seeds, by-products from winemaking industries, using ethanolic solid-liquid extraction. For such a purpose, the combined effects of the extraction time (9, 19 and 29 h) and the solid-liquid ratio (0.10, 0.20 and 0.30 gdw mL(-1)), were investigated (where dw = dry waste). Results demonstrated that Pinot Noir seeds had high levels of both total polyphenols (73.66 mg(Gallic Acid Equivalent) gdw(-1)) and flavonoids (30.90 mg(Catechin) (Equivalent) gdw(-1)), being the optimum extraction time 19 h approximately. The main phenolic

compounds analysed with high performance liquid chromatography were catechin and quercetin with a maximum extraction yield obtained at 29 h (362.23 LCL161 price and 339.35 mg/100 gdw, respectively). Concentration of the polyphenols and their antiradical powers are demonstrated to have a significant linear correlation.”
“Aim To investigate perinatal outcomes, the analgesic efficacy and maternal satisfaction in nulliparous women receiving fentanyl intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (i.v.-PCA). Material and Methods A total of 1401 nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy who received fentanyl i.v.-PCA (i.v.-PCA group, n=290) or no analgesia (control group, n=1111) in labor between 2005 and 2010 were reviewed. Fentanyl i.v.