86 [0.68, 0.96]; SP = 0.77 [0.66, 0.86] –   Sensitivity high, specificity signaling pathway moderate 4 Ohlsson et al. (1994) MSD Upper extremities Symptoms All regions combined, related to diagnoses – Higher sensitivity related to diagnoses, higher

specificity related to clinical findings SE = 0.83 [0.72, 0.90]; SP = 0.64 [0.54, 0.74] All regions combined, related to clinical findings SE = 0.66 [0.57, 0.74]; SP = 0.92 [0.74, 0.99] Sensitivity moderate to high, specificity low to moderate 5 Perreault et al. (2008) MSD Upper Extremities Symptoms SE = 0.66 [0.56, 0.75]; SP = 0.79 [0.69, 0.87] Agreement self-report to physicians assessment 72%; k = 0.44 (95% CI 0.31–0.56): moderate   Sensitivity low, specificity moderate Variable agreement when using different case definitions (symptoms,

limitations ADL, limitations work, limitations leisure): k = 0.19–0.54 6 Stål et al. (1997) MSD Upper Extremities Symptoms All regions combined: SE = 0.57 [0.42, 0.71]; SP = 0.72 [0.53, 0.87] sensitivity low; specificity moderate – Higher sensitivity related to diagnoses, higher specificity related to clinical findings For separate regions variable sensitivity and specificity for either clinical findings (SE = 52–60%, SP = 86–98%), or diagnoses (SE = 59–69%; SP = 72–90%) 7 De Joode et al. (2007) Hand eczema Symptoms Self-diagnosis Symptoms Based Questionnaire (SBQ) – Prevalence with SBQ 2.39 times and with PBQ 2.25 times higher than reference standard prevalence SE = 0.83 [0.61, 0.95]; SP = 0.64 [0.43, 0.82] Self-diagnosis, with picture based questionnaire (PBQ) SE = 0.36 [0.17, 0.59]; SP = 0.84 [0.64, 0.95] Sensitivity low to moderate, specificity low to moderate 8 Livesley GNAT2 Ku-0059436 et al. (2002) Hand eczema Symptoms SE = 0.68 [0.56, 0.79]; SP = 1.00 [0.91, 1.00] – – Sensitivity low, specificity high 9 Meding and Barregard (2001) Hand eczema Self-diagnosis All participants combined – 1-year PR 14.8–15.0% SE = 0.58 [0.50, 0.66]; SP = 0.96 [0.94, 0.97] Estimated true prevalence 30–60% higher than SR prevalence. Sensitivity low, specificity high 10 Smit et al. (1992) Hand

eczema Symptoms Self-diagnosis Symptom Based Questionnaire (SBQ) – Self-report prevalence based on SBQ 47.7%, on Self-diagnosis 19.4%, and on reference standard 18.3% SE = 1.00 [0.83, 1.00]; SP = 0.64 [0.53, 0.74] Sensitivity high, specificity low Self-diagnosis SE = 0.65 [0.41, 0.85]; SP = 0.93 [0.86, 0.97] Sensitivity low, specificity high 11 Susitaival et al. (1995) Hand eczema Self-diagnosis Self-diagnosis – Self-report prevalence: 17.1% in men and 22.8% in women, reference standard prevalence 4.1% in men, 14.1% in women SE = 0.60 [0.48, 0.72]; SP = 1.00 [0.96, 1.00] Sensitivity low, specificity high 12 Svensson et al. (2002) Hand eczema Symptoms Self-diagnosis Symptoms Based Questionnaire Papules: k = 0.47 (0.32–0.62) – SE = 0.62 [0.52, 0.72]; SP = 0.87 [0.79, 0.92] Erythema: k = 0.53 (0.41–0.65) Sensitivity low, specificity high Vesicles: k = 0.55 (0.41–0.69) Self-diagnosis SE = 0.87 [0.78, 0.