9 years [interquartile range (IQR): 36.9–48.1] and male gender was predominant (74.3%). HIV transmission route was mainly sexual,

with 42% of presumed homosexual transmission and 31% of heterosexual transmission followed by intravenous drug use (18.3%). The median delay since HIV infection diagnosis was 10 years (IQR: 4.3–14.6). Five hundred and twenty-four patients (22.2%) were already Selleckchem VX-809 at the AIDS disease stage, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification of HIV infection for adults and adolescents. Patients’ median CD4 absolute count was 430/μL (IQR: 294–619), and 60.4% had undetectable VL (plasma HIV1 RNA<50 copies/mL). Median BMI was 22.1 kg/m2 (IQR: 20.3–24.2). This population frequently had hyperlipidemia (21.9%) but less often had high blood pressure (6.9%) or diabetes (2.6%). HCV antibodies were noticed in 322 patients (12.4%). Two thousand three hundred and eighty-three

patients (92%) had Smad inhibitor been exposed to ART [mean cumulative exposure (CE): 4.56 years] and had already received NRTIs (77.3%, CE: 4.52 years), tenofovir (25.4%, CE: 3.8 months), NNRTI (50.2%, CE: 1.21 years), or PI (49%) [IDV (25.3%, CE: 7.2 months) other PIs (CE: 1.40 years)]. At the time of evaluation of the CC, 75.4% patients were receiving ART including NRTIs (71.9%), tenofovir (21.2%), NNRTIs (26.6%), and PIs (35.8%) including IDV (3.3%). The median CC was 96.1 mL/min (IQR: 81.6–113.1) and the overall prevalence of RI was 39.0% (n=1010) [95% confidence interval (CI): 38.2–40.8]. RI was mild in 34.2% (n=884) of patients (95% CI: 32.5–36.0), moderate in 4.4% (n=113) (95% CI: 3.6–5.2), severe in 0.3% (n=7) (95% CI: 0.1–0.5) and at end stage in 0.2% (n=6) (95% CI: 0.02–0.40). Thus, renal function impairment was qualified as advanced (moderate or severe or end-stage) in 4.9% of the cohort (95% CI: 4.1–5.7). With renal function estimated using the simplified MDRD formula, results are as follows: overall prevalence of RI was 55.1% (95% CI: 53–57), with a prevalence of 49% (95% CI: 47–51) for mild RI, 5.5% (95% CI: 4.6–6.3) for moderate RI, 0.3% (95%

CI: 0.1–0.5) for severe RI and 0.3% (95% CI: 0.1–0.5) for end stage RI. In univariate analysis, RI prevalence was significantly (P<0.05) associated with female Tau-protein kinase gender (OR=2.5: 2.1–3.9), age between 40 and 50 years (OR=1.5: 1.3–1.8) or >50 years (OR=6.3: 5.0–7.9), BMI<22 (OR=2.3: 2.0–2.7), HIV transmission group (heterosexuals vs. intravenous drug users; OR=1.5: 1.2–2.0), AIDS stage (OR=1.3: 1.1–1.6), undetectable VL (OR=1.5: 1.2–1.8), NRTI exposure (OR=1.5: 1.3–1.9 for 1–4 years and OR=1.5: 1.3–2.0 for >4 years), tenofovir exposure (OR=1.4: 1.1–1.8 for<1 year and OR=1.5: 1.2–1.9 for >1 year), NNRTI exposure >1 year (OR=1.2: 1.1–1.5), IDV exposure >1 year (OR=1.5: 1.2–1.8) and high blood pressure (OR=1.4: 1.0–1.9).