3 ± 7.9 v.s. 43.9 ± 9.5/ × 40 field; Nestin(+) area: 13.8 ± 7.1 v.s. 20.0 ± 7.7 × 103 pixel/ × 40 field, p < 0.01). In vitro, CS-KS significantly suppressed cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis in both adult kidney cells (NRK-52E cells) and KS cells. Moreover, CS-KS treatment for NRK-52E cells significantly increased Histone H3(+) cells and Nestin(+) cells. These results suggested that CS-KS could promote not only cell proliferation but also dedifferentiation toward immature lineage. Conclusion: Adult kidney stem/progenitor cells make important roles such as renal stem/progenitor cells' direct differentiation into mature renal composed cells, secreting protective

factors and the effect toward dedifferentiation from renal composed mature cells to immature cells. YOKOTE SHINYA1,2,3, YAMANAKA SHUICHIRO1,2,3, KATSUOKA YUICHI2,3, H 89 molecular weight IZUHARA LUNA2,3, OGURA MAKOTO1, YOKOO TAKASHI1,2 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine; 2Project Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration, Jikei University School of Medicine; 3Division of Regenerative Medicine, Jikei University

School of Medicine Introduction: Previous studies have investigated using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat damaged kidneys. However, the effect of adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) on vascular calcification in adenine-induced AZD2014 concentration kidney disease is still poorly understood. In the present study, we explored the potential of ADMSCs as an alternative source for the treatment of kidney disease and vascular calcification. Methods: Chronic renal failure was induced in 12-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 16) by feeding a diet containing 0.75% adenine for 4 weeks. Time course changes in serum inorganic phosphorus (iP), calcium, and creatinine were measured. Rats were randomized into two groups: control (phosphate buffered saline, n = 9); and ADMSC (intravenous transplantation of 5 × 105 autologous

ADMSCs on Days 0, 7, 14, CYTH4 21 and 28 following adenine-feeding, n = 7). At the end of the study, vascular calcification was evaluated by Von Kossa-stained sections and calcium and P content in the aorta. Results: Histopathology of the kidney (hematoxylin & eosin) showed a greater dilation of tubular lumens in the control group than the ADMSC group. Creatinine clearance rate in the ADMSC group is higher than the control group (P < 0.05). ADMSC transplantation significantly reduced serum iP compared with control (P < 0.05). Calcium and P content of the aorta in the ADMSC group was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Von Kossa staining of the thoracic aorta media also revealed that ADMSC transplantation suppressed vascular calcification compared with the control group.